Other laminate designs can have various degrees of anisotropy depending on how balanced the laminate design is.
Balanced laminate examples.
In a balanced laminate the laminae with positive angles are balanced by equal laminae with negative angles.
Countertops or cabinet members on the other hand merely require some form of balancing material.
Examples of balanced laminates are.
The only limitation is that the laminate after rotation is balanced with zero coupling terms in s 0 lam.
A symmetric laminate is symmetric wrt to ply orientation above and below the laminate mid plane example 0 30 30 0 sometimes written 0 30 s is symmetric but not balanced balanced laminate is one where for every qthere is also a qlamina example 0 30 30 30 30 0 or 0 30 30 s for a symmetric laminate b 0.
1 an unbalanced laminate countertop is one that does not have backer applied to the underside of the countertop core substrate.
Firstly a perfunctory definition is in order regarding a balanced laminate.
A symmetric laminate is symmetric wrt to ply orientation above and below the laminate mid plane example 0 30 30 0 sometimes written 0 30 s is symmetric but not balanced balanced laminate is one where for every there is also a lamina example 0 30 30 30 30 0 or 0 30 30 s for a symmetric laminate b 0 always.
Quasi isotropic laminate is balanced in any system of coordinates s 16 lam s 26 lam 0.
Contrary to angle ply laminates which are restricted to one pair of matched angles balanced laminates can contain several pairs including 0 and 90.
Laminate fabrication vary with the product.
Laminate orientation code repeating groups of plies within a laminate can be placed in parentheses.
Balanced construction unbalanced construction laminate countertops.
Carbon fiber laminates made with the fibers all oriented in one direction are extremely anisotropic.
Each complete laminate is enclosed in a set of brackets symmetric laminates with an even number of plies are represented by listing all plies on one side of the mid plane enclosed in brackets followed by the subscript s.
Fabricating quasi isotropic carbon fiber laminates.
For example any quasi isotropic laminate with an arbitrary cracked layer can be rotated to have the damaged layer as a 90 layer.
